Overview
Introduction
Rights of asylum
General description of procedures
Legal basics
- Major asylum (Großes Asyl)
- Minor asylum (Kleines Asyl)
- § 53 of The Aliens Act (Ausländergesetz)
- § 32 a of The Aliens Act (Ausländergesetz)
Implementation of the asylum process
- Generally
- Petition for asylum, initial interview (Asylantrag, Erstanhörung)
- Bundesamt's decision in favour of the petition for asylum
- Methods of appeal by refusal
- Sequential applications, secondary applications (Folgeanträge, Zweitanträge)
- Legal counselling
Further possibilities by refusal
- Constitutional complaints (Verfassungsbeschwerde)
- Petitions and submittal (Petitionen, Eingaben)
- Church asylum (Kirchenasyl)
- Hardship commissions (Härtefallkommissionen, HFK)
Women in asylum proceedings
Children in asylum proceedings
Social conditions for asylum seekers
- Method of accommodation
- Provision and care (Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz, Asylum Seekers Benefits Act)
- Work permits for asylum seekers
Acceptance quotas by specific countries of origin
Work migration
Types of work permits
- General work permit
- Special work permit
Regulation according to status of individuals
- Work permits for asylum seekers
- Works contract labourers
- Seasonal workers
- Foreign workers (Gastarbeiter)
- Contract labourers
- Frontier commuters (Grenzgänger)
- 'Illegally employed'
Marriage
Marriage to a German or resident alien
Which papers are necessary?
Residence status during marriage (Aufenthaltsstatus während der Ehe)
Independent right of residence (Eigenständiges Aufenthaltsrecht)
Feasibility of marriage abroad (Eheschließungsmöglichkeiten im Ausland)
Further education
Admission requirements for university studies
Entry and residence provisions
Financial preconditions
Assistance
Entry
Border controls (Grenzkontrollen)
- Generally
- Entry at the outer borders
- Entry at international airports, airport procedure (Flughafenverfahren)
- Illegal entry into the Federal Republic of Germany
- Application for asylum after entry
Visas
- States whose citizens may enter for visits without visas
- States whose citizens require an entry visa
- Preconditions for issuance of visas for purposes of a visit
- Statistics
Consequences of Schengen (border controls, fingerprints, saliva tests)
- The Schengen Agreement
- The Schengen Information System (SIS)
- EURODAC
- Other measures
- Repatriation treaties
Enforced expulsion
Deportation
- Rejection / repatriation
- Compulsory departure / expulsion (Ausreisepflicht / Ausweisung)
- Border-crossing certification - exit papers (Grenzübertrittsbescheinigung - Ausreiseschein)
Deportation custody (Abschiebehaft)
- Preliminary custody (Vorbereitungshaft)
- Short-term surety custody (Kurzfristige Sicherungshaft)
- Surety custody (Sicherungshaft)
- Detention conditions
'Concerning women'
Women tourists
Wives
- The 'hardship' regulation (Härtefallregelung)
- Hardship regulation in North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen)
- Hardship regulation in Hamburg
Household employees
Women artists
Trade in women and forced prostitution (Frauenhandel und Zwangsprostitution)
Subsequent inclusion of relatives, family visits, invitations
Subsequent inclusion of relatives (Familiennachzug)
- General conditions
- Who may be included?
- Dependence upon residence status
- Visa requirements for relatives
Visits
- Family visits and visits by friends
- Visas for children (Kindervisum)
Application for citizenship (Erwerb der Staatsangehörigkeit), dual nationality
Naturalisation (Einbürgerung) through prolonged residence
Naturalisation through adoption by Germans
Statelessness (Staatenlosigkeit)
Definition of terms
Residence status (Aufenthaltsstatus)
- Residence allocation (Aufenthaltsbewilligung)
- Authorisation of residence (Aufenthaltsbefugnis)
- Residence permission (Aufenthaltserlaubnis)
- Right of residence (Aufenthaltsberechtigung)
- Toleration of stay (Duldung)
State classification of persons fleeing to Germany
- Asylum seekers (Asylbewerber/Asylsuchende)
- De facto refugees (De-fakto-Flüchtlinge)
- Persons with rights to asylum (Asylberechtigte)
- Quota refugees (Kontingentflüchtlinge)
Categorisation of states
- EU member countries
- Schengen states
- Safe third countries (Sichere Drittstaaten)
- Safe countries of origin (Sichere Herkunftsstaaten)
Other terms
- Border crossing certification and departure certification (Grenzübertrittsbescheinigung, Ausreiseschein)
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